Ya Saria al Jabal - Hazrat Omer r.a. - Basis of Sufism / Spirituality - The analysis of this narration - is it Sahi, hassan or zaeef ?
QUICK SUMMARY FOR AHL-E-AQAL
The narration about Hazrat Omer r.a. calling "ya Sariat-ul-Jabal" is mostly 'HASAN' grade according to hadith sciences. i.e. in terms of authenticity it is considered lesser then 'SAHIH' but better in grade of 'ZAEEF')
According to two most prominent scholars of islam, IBN-e-Kaseer and IBN-e-HARJ, the narration is HASAN.
1. Hafiz Ibn e Kaseer, HASAN, Al bidaya wal nihaya
2. Hafiz ibn e Hajr, HASAN, al-Isaba
Moreover, this 'HASAN' status is because of 'TADLIS' i.e. missing narration in their chain and it is not considered lie or fabrication. Please find details of 'TADLIS' as below.
Background:
حضرت ابن عمر رضی اللہ عنہ سے روایت ہے آپ نے فرمایا: حضرت عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے ایک لشکر کو روانہ فرمایا: اور حضرت ساریہ رضی اللہ عنہ کو اُس لشکر کا سپہ سالار بنایا ، ایک دن حضرت عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے خطبہ کے درمیان یہ نداء دی کہ یا ساریۃ الجبل ، ائے ساریہ پہاڑ کے دامن میں ہوجاؤ ۔ یہ آپ نے تین دفعہ فرمایا ۔ جب لشکر کی جانب سے قاصد آیاتو حضرت عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے اس سے وہاں کا حال دریافت کیا ؟ اُس نے کہا : ائے امیر المؤمنین ہم نے دشمن سے مقابلہ کیا تو وہ ہمیں شکست دے ہی چکے تھے کہ اچانک ہم نے ایک آواز سنی ، ائے ساریہ پہاڑ کے دامن میں ہوجاؤ ۔ پس ہم نے اپنی پیٹھ پہاڑ کی جانب کرلی تو اللہ تعالی نے دشمنوں کو شکست دے دی ۔ عمر رضی اللہ عنہ سے یہ بھی عرض کیا گیا کہ بیشک وہ آواز دینے والے آپ ہی تھے ۔
(دلائل النبوة للبيهقي،حديث نمبر:2655)
(جامع الأحاديث للسيوطي،حرف الياء ،فسم الافعال،مسند عمر بن الخطاب، حديث نمبر:28657)
(كنز العمال في سنن الأقوال والأفعال لعلي المتقي الهندي،حرف الفاء ، كنز العمال في سنن الأقوال والأفعال، حديث نمبر:35788)
(الإصابة في معرفة الصحابة،لابن حجر العسقلاني،القسم الأول ،السين بعدها الألف)
👆 coming from various sources!
The words 'Omar (May Allah be pleased with him) shouted "O Sariyya, [towards] the mountain"!
This source only tells what 'Omar shouted and that the Messenger of the army confirmed to 'Omar having heard a voice alerting them with those words!
Adding that this athar أثر as stated is sahih!
Sources for that are:
fadail as-sahaba فضائل الصحابة of Imam Ahmad,
dalail an-Nubuwa دلائل النبوة of abu Na'im,
al muntaqa المنتقى من مسموعاته بمرو of ad-Dya',
tarikh تاريخ دمشق ibn Asakir,
dalail an-Nubuwa of al-Bayhaqy,
al-Isabah of ibn Hajr al 'Asqalani (qualified as a hassan narrator chain)
tarikh البداية والنهاية ibn Kathir also known as al-Bidya wa-Nihyaya (qualified as hassan jayid)
as-Sawaa'iq al -Muhriqa الصواعق المحرقـة of al-Haytahmy (also qualified as hassan)
Is Ibn-e-AJLAN a "MUDALLIS" ?
Rulings of scholars on tadlīs al-isnād (HANAI+SHAFAI find TADLIS ok)*
Absolute acceptance: Scholars (most of the Hanafi school and some of the Maliki school) say that tadlīs is not lying and such a hadith is not necessarily daʻīf; they accept the hadith with a mudallis (Arabic: مدلس) in the narration chain based on a part of an argument made by Ash-Shāfi'i.
Distinction by narrator and narration: Ash-Shāfi'i said that a tadlīs is not considered a lie; rather, a form of confusion (Arabic: ضرب من الإيهام) that is unacceptable until the narrator explicitly drops al-'an'ana and mentions the narration chain in its entirety. This is conditional upon the narrator being trustworthy in the first place, and that the narration itself does not have 'an'ana. In other words, the person practicing tadlīs is not rejected at large, but his narrations which have tadlīs are rejected. Of course, this is the view most Shāfi'i scholars subscribe to.
Distinction by the narrator, not by the narration: All narrations of such a narrator (the only one that falls under this category is Sufyān ibn 'Uyaynah) are accepted since the name of the person dropped from a narration chain is also a trustworthy person. In other words, the chain of narration does not get discredited when it is mentioned in its entirety.
Distinction by the history of the narrator: Scholars accept the hadiths of some narrators who practiced tadlīs on occasions, e.g., narrated a short version of a chain (e.g., to save time) on one occasion but mentioned the full chain on other occasions. This category includes Sufyān ibn 'Uyaynah, Sufyān ath-Thawry, and Az-Zuhri.
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